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Top papers written in this journalThe Nottingham Prognostic Index in primary breast cancer. Abstract:In 1982 we constructed a prognostic index for patients with primary, operable breast cancer This index was based on a retrospective analysis of 9 factors in 387 patients Only 3 of the factors (tumour size, stage of disease, and tumour grade) remained significant on multivariate analysis The index was subsequently validated in... In 1982 we constructed a prognostic index for patients with primary, operable breast cancer This index was based on a retrospective analysis of 9 factors in 387 patients Only 3 of the factors (tumour size, stage of disease, and tumour grade) remained significant on multivariate analysis The index was subsequently validated in a prospective study of 320 patients We now present the results of applying this prognostic index to all of the first 1,629 patients in our series of operable breast cancer up to the age of 70 We have used the index to define three subsets of patients with different chances of dying from breast cancer: 1) good prognosis, comprising 29% of patients with 80% 15-year survival; 2) moderate prognosis, 54% of patients with 42% 15-year survival; 3) poor prognosis, 17% of patients with 13% 15-year survival The 15-year survival of an age-matched female population was 83% read more read less 992 Citations Relevance of breast cancer cell lines as models for breast tumours: an update Abstract:The number of available breast cancer cell (BCC) lines is small, and only a very few of them have been extensively studied. Whether they are representative of the tumours from which they originated remains a matter of debate. Whether their diversity mirrors the well-known inter-tumoural heterogeneity is another essential ques... The number of available breast cancer cell (BCC) lines is small, and only a very few of them have been extensively studied. Whether they are representative of the tumours from which they originated remains a matter of debate. Whether their diversity mirrors the well-known inter-tumoural heterogeneity is another essential question. While numerous similarities have long been found between cell lines and tumours, recent technical advances, including the use of micro-arrays and comparative genetic analysis, have brought new data to the discussion. This paper presents most of the BCC lines that have been described in some detail to date. It evaluates the accuracy of the few of them widely used (MCF-7, T-47D, BT-474, SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231, Hs578T) as tumour models. It is concluded that BCC lines are likely to reflect, to a large extent, the features of cancer cells in vivo. The importance of oestrogen receptor-alpha (gene ESR1) and Her-2/neu (ERBB2) as classifiers for cell lines and tumours is underlined. The recourse to a larger set of cell lines is suggested since the exact origin of some of the widely used lines remains ambiguous. Investigations on additional specific lines are expected to improve our knowledge of BCC and of the dialogue that these maintain with their surrounding normal cells in vivo. read more read less 785 Citations Estrogen-dependent, tamoxifen-resistant tumorigenic growth of MCF-7 cells transfected with HER2/neu. Abstract:Since the poor prognosis associated with HER2 amplified breast cancers might be explained by a mechanistic association between p185HER2 overexpression and therapeutic resistance, we assessed the chemo-endocrine sensitivity of estrogen receptor (ER) containing MCF-7 breast cancer cells transfected with full-length HER2 cDNA. O... Since the poor prognosis associated with HER2 amplified breast cancers might be explained by a mechanistic association between p185HER2 overexpression and therapeutic resistance, we assessed the chemo-endocrine sensitivity of estrogen receptor (ER) containing MCF-7 breast cancer cells transfected with full-length HER2 cDNA. Of the 36 isolated MCF/HER2 subclones, 7 were found to overexpress p185HER2 surface receptor at levels 3 to 45-fold greater than parental or control transfected cells (MCF/neo). The overexpressing transfectants possessed increased inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-3'-kinase activity comparable to enzyme activity in the endogenously HER2 amplified breast cancer cell lines SK-Br-3 and BT-474. The anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibody and receptor-specific partial agonist, muMAb4D5 (4D5), known to inhibit growth of SK-Br-3 and BT-474 cells, produced no significant growth inhibitory effect on any of the transfectants including the 45-fold overexpressing MCF/HER2–18 cells which were studied in greater detail. MCF/HER2–18 cells contained at least partially functioning exogenous receptor since 4D5 (3µg/ml) specifically stimulated phosphorylation of p185HER2 and its co-precipitating ptyr56 substrate within 5 min, and this was followed at 1 h by a transient induction ofc-myc but notc-fos mRNA. ER content and thein vitro sensitivity of MCF/HER2–18 cells to 5-fluorouracil and adriamycin were identical to those of control transfectants and parental cells. However, these highly overexpressing transfectants had acquired low level (2 to 4-fold) resistance to cisplatin and were no longer sensitive to the antiestrogen tamoxifen (TAM). To compare the hormone-dependent tumorigenicity of the HER2 transfectants, MCF/HER2–18 and control cells (MCF, MCF/neo-3) were implanted into ovariectomized athymic nude mice. No tumors were produced in the absence of estradiol (E2) administration. In E2 supplemented mice, MCF/HER2–18 tumors grew most rapidly. When E2 treatment was stopped and daily TAM injections were initiated, MCF-7 and MCF/neo-3 tumor growth ceased immediately, while MCF/HER2–18 tumors continued to show an accelerated growth rate lasting weeks. This pattern of hormone-dependent, TAM-resistant growth exhibited by the MCF/HER2–18 tumors in nude mice supports the possibility that p185HER2 overexpression in human breast cancers may be linked to therapeutic resistance. read more read less 769 Citations Epidemiology of basal-like breast cancer Robert C. Millikan1, Beth Newman2, Chiu Kit Tse1, Patricia G. Moorman3, Kathleen Conway1, Lisa V. Smith4, Miriam H. Labbok1, Joseph Geradts3, Jeannette T. Bensen1, Susan A. Jackson1, Sarah J. Nyante1, Chad A. Livasy1, Lisa A. Carey1, H. Shelton Earp1, Charles M. Perou1 • Abstract:Risk factors for the newly identified “intrinsic” breast cancer subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, basal-like and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive/estrogen receptor-negative) were determined in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, a population-based, case–control study of African-American and white women. Immunohis... Risk factors for the newly identified “intrinsic” breast cancer subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, basal-like and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive/estrogen receptor-negative) were determined in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, a population-based, case–control study of African-American and white women. Immunohistochemical markers were used to subtype 1,424 cases of invasive and in situ breast cancer, and case subtypes were compared to 2,022 controls. Luminal A, the most common subtype, exhibited risk factors typically reported for breast cancer in previous studies, including inverse associations for increased parity and younger age at first full-term pregnancy. Basal-like cases exhibited several associations that were opposite to those observed for luminal A, including increased risk for parity and younger age at first term full-term pregnancy. Longer duration breastfeeding, increasing number of children breastfed, and increasing number of months breastfeeding per child were each associated with reduced risk of basal-like breast cancer, but not luminal A. Women with multiple live births who did not breastfeed and women who used medications to suppress lactation were at increased risk of basal-like, but not luminal A, breast cancer. Elevated waist-hip ratio was associated with increased risk of luminal A in postmenopausal women, and increased risk of basal-like breast cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women. The prevalence of basal-like breast cancer was highest among premenopausal African-American women, who also showed the highest prevalence of basal-like risk factors. Among younger African-American women, we estimate that up to 68% of basal-like breast cancer could be prevented by promoting breastfeeding and reducing abdominal adiposity. read more read less View PDF 760 Citations
“ SciSpace is a very innovative solution to the formatting problem and existing providers, such as Mendeley or Word did not really evolve in recent years. - Andreas Frutiger, Researcher, ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomedical Engineering Get MS-Word and LaTeX output to any Journal within seconds Choose a template Select a template from a library of 40,000+ templates Import a MS-Word file or start fresh It takes only few seconds to import View and edit your final output SciSpace will automatically format your output to meet journal guidelines Submit directly or Download Submit to journal directly or Download in PDF, MS Word or LaTeX (Before submission check for plagiarism via Turnitin) Less than 3 minutes What to expect from SciSpace?Speed and accuracy over MS Word'' With SciSpace, you do not need a word template for Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. It automatically formats your research paper to Springer formatting guidelines and citation style. You can download a submission ready research paper in pdf, LaTeX and docx formats. Time taken to format a paper and Compliance with guidelines Plagiarism Reports via TurnitinSciSpace has partnered with Turnitin, the leading provider of Plagiarism Check software. Using this service, researchers can compare submissions against more than 170 million scholarly articles, a database of 70+ billion current and archived web pages. How Turnitin Integration works? Frequently asked questions13. What is Sherpa RoMEO Archiving Policy for Breast Cancer Research and Treatment?We extracted this data from Sherpa Romeo to help researchers understand the access level of this journal in accordance with the Sherpa Romeo Archiving Policy for Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. The table below indicates the level of access a journal has as per Sherpa Romeo's archiving policy.
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Fast and reliable, built for complaince.Instant formatting to 100% publisher guidelines on - SciSpace. Available only on desktops 🖥 No word template requiredTypset automatically formats your research paper to Breast Cancer Research and Treatment formatting guidelines and citation style. Verifed journal formatsOne editor, 100K journal formats. Trusted by academicians“ I spent hours with MS word for reformatting. It was frustrating - plain and simple. With SciSpace, I can draft my manuscripts and once it is finished I can just submit. In case, I have to submit to another journal it is really just a button click instead of an afternoon of reformatting. ” Andreas Frutiger Is Breast Cancer Research and Treatment peerBreast Cancer Research is an international, peer-reviewed online journal, publishing original research, reviews, editorials and reports.
What are the four standard treatments for patients with breast cancer?How Is Breast Cancer Treated?. Surgery. An operation where doctors cut out cancer tissue.. Chemotherapy. Using special medicines to shrink or kill the cancer cells. ... . Hormonal therapy. Blocks cancer cells from getting the hormones they need to grow.. Biological therapy. ... . Radiation therapy.. What is breast cancer journals?Clinical Breast Cancer is a peer-reviewed bimonthly journal that publishes original articles describing various aspects of clinical and translational research of breast cancer. Clinical Breast Cancer is devoted to articles on detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of breast cancer.
What are the methodology for breast cancer?Imaging techniques like mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging currently stand as the main techniques for early breast cancer screening.
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