Can you drink water during a fast

It's the morning of your bloodwork and your doctor said to fast before the test. But your stomach is growling and you have serious caffeine withdrawal hours before you roll up your sleeve. A bite of toast and a few gulps of coffee won't really make a difference, right?

Not so fast. Your results could come back wrong if you give in to temptation.

Fasting means you don't eat or drink anything but water usually for 8 to 12 hours beforehand.

If your appointment is at 8 a.m. and you're told to fast for 8 hours, only water is OK after midnight. If it's a 12-hour fast, avoid food and drink after 8 p.m. the night before.

You also shouldn't smoke, chew gum (even sugarless), or exercise. These things can rev up your digestion, and that can affect your results.

Take your prescription medications unless your doctor tells you to skip them. But ask your doctor before you take any over-the-counter drugs.

What Tests Do I Fast For?

Blood tests help doctors check for certain health problems and find out how well your body is working. Doctors also use them to figure out how well treatments are working. You don't need to fast before all blood tests. Your doctor will tell you if you need to.

These tests typically require fasting:

  • Fasting blood glucose measures the amount of glucose (sugar) in your blood to test for diabetes or prediabetes.
    Typical fasting time: At least 8 hours
  • Lipid profile checks the level of cholesterol and other blood fats, like triglycerides. High levels put you at risk for developing heart disease or having a stroke. Not all situations require fasting. You may not need it if you’re younger than 25 or if you require only a partial lipid panel or if your doctor is looking for a “non-fasting” result. Ask your doctor if you need to fast for your test.
    Typical fasting time: 9-12 hours
  • Basic or comprehensive metabolic panel is often part of a routine physical. The tests check your blood sugar, electrolyte and fluid balance, and kidney function. The comprehensive test checks your liver function, too.
    Typical fasting time: 10-12 hours
  • Vitamin B12 test measures how much of the vitamin is in your blood. It can help diagnosis a specific type of anemia and other problems. Some medications can interfere with this test. Tell your doctor about all the drugs you take.
    Typical fasting time: 6-8 hours
  • Iron tests are used to see if iron levels in your system are too low or too high.
    Typical fasting time: 12 hours
  • Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) shows the level of the GGT enzyme in your system. A high reading may indicate liver disease, bile duct problems, or alcohol abuse.
    Your doctor may ask you to fast for at least 8 hours beforehand. You also may need to avoid alcohol and some prescription drugs the day before the test because they can affect GGT levels. Talk to your doctor before stopping any prescribed medicines.

Why Do I Have to Fast?

Nutrients in food and drinks go into your bloodstream and can change things measured by the tests, skewing your results.

For instance, if you eat or drink before a fasting blood glucose test, your blood sugar probably will be higher than if you hadn't had anything. When you're fasting, doctors get a baseline result so tests can be compared to give a true picture of your sugar levels over time.

What If I Slip Up?

If you make a mistake and eat or drink anything besides water, tell the person taking your blood. Your doctor will want to know so they can interpret your tests correctly. For the best results, they may ask you to reschedule.

When Can I Eat or Drink Again?

As soon as your blood is taken, your fast is over. You might want to bring a snack and a drink with you so you can eat as soon as possible after the test.

The short and sweet answer: Yes…but it depends.

Before we dive deeper into whether or not you can drink water during intermittent fasting, it’s important to understand the basic science and what makes it effective.

What is Intermittent Fasting?

Intermittent fasting (IF) refers to a dietary pattern in which you alternate periods of eating and fasting (or significantly reducing your caloric intake). It doesn’t refer to a specific diet type (i.e. keto, vegetarian, or low-carb) that tells you what to eat, but instead provides a framework for when to eat. This allows individuals to choose a pattern that works for them and their lifestyle.

There are a variety of different plans to choose from including:

  • 16:8 diet – Fast for 16 hours, eat within an 8-hour window
  • 20:4 aka The Warrior Diet – Fast for 20 hours, eat within a 4-hour window
  • 5:2 fasting – Eat normally 5 days a week and consume a reduced calorie diet the other 2 days per week

While people may choose to practice intermittent fasting for a number of reasons, most people do so for the potential health benefits including:

  • Weight loss (1)
  • Improved insulin sensitivity (2)
  • Supporting brain health (3 , 4)
  • Improving heart health markers, such as the reduction of LDL (5)
  • Reducing inflammation (6)
  • Appetite control (7)

Depending on the type of IF you practice, it may have different effects on the body. For example, some studies show that by reducing the number of hours in which you eat throughout the day, you are more likely to consume fewer calories, and therefore weight loss may occur.

Many of the metabolic benefits of intermittent fasting are dependent on the body being in a fasted state. Consuming foods or beverages that contain calories from carbohydrates, fat, or protein can interrupt it. In other words, eating or drinking calories signals the “on” switch for your body’s endocrine and digestive system and it immediately must go back to work breaking down and sorting out carbohydrates, protein, and fat.

Does Water Break A Fast?

Since it is calorie-free and doesn’t raise blood sugar levels, drinking good old H20 won’t break your fast!  In fact, drinking water while intermittent fasting is encouraged to maintain adequate hydration status.

The only exception to this rule is if you are practicing dry fasting. It restricts both food and liquid. People may practice dry fasting for religious or medical reasons, but since abstaining from water for a prolonged period of time can lead to dehydration, it’s advised to consult with a medical professional before starting.

If you are required to dry fast prior to a medical procedure, be sure to check with your doctor to understand exactly how long you need to abstain from foods and fluids, since it may vary based on procedure.

What Types of Water Can I Drink While Intermittent Fasting?

So plain water is ok outside the eating period, but what about with lemon, flavored ones, seltzers?

The general rule of thumb is:

  • Zero-calorie and zero-sugar beverages are ok to drink;
  • Caloric and sweetened beverages are NOT ok to drink.

The great news is that there are plenty of zero-calorie options to keep you hydrated.

The types of water to drink that are ok include:

  • Plain Water – any temperature
  • Mineral Water
  • Unsweetened Flavored Seltzer Water
  • Unsweetened Club Soda or Sparkling Water
  • Unsweetened Flavored Still Water
  • Unsweetened Lemon Water

The types of liquids not to drink include:

  • Protein Waters
  • Sweetened Sparkling Waters
  • Sweetened Flavored Waters
  • Lemon Water with Added Sugar (i.e. honey or agave)

If you’re opting for a liquid other than plain H20, be sure to check the nutrition facts panel to make sure there is no added sugar or even protein.

The Health Benefits of Drinking Water While Intermittent Fasting

Drinking fluids during fasting is not only allowed – it’s recommended!

About 60-70% of the human body is made up of water, so drinking it and staying hydrated is crucial for supporting a number of important functions including:

  • Physical & Mental Performance (8)
  • Digestion (9)
  • General Energy Levels
  • Kidney Functions (10)

Drinking adequate amounts of liquids while practicing IF can also help manage feelings of hunger.

So how much water per day is considered enough? The Institute of Medicine recommends the following for adults (ages 18-70):

FEMALE    2.2 L or 9 cups as total beverages including water
MALE  3.0 L or 13 cups as total beverages including water

Source: Institute of Medicine

If you participate moderate or vigorous exercise, you will likely want to consider increasing your daily fluid intake to replenish water and other nutrients lost via sweat.

The recommendations above are for total fluids per day – so let’s see what else can help you reach your daily fluid goals while practicing IF.

What About Other Beverages While Intermittent Fasting?

The great news is that there are plenty of options that you can drink when fasting including:

  • Black Coffee
  • Unsweetened Hot or Iced Tea
  • Diet Sodas
  • Apple Cider Vinegar
  • No-Calorie Sports Drinks

Remember, it’s important not to drink sweetened or calorie-containing drinks. Examples of beverages to avoid include:

  • Alcohol
  • Full-Sugar Sodas
  • Milk (Dairy and Non-Dairy)
  • Sweetened Sports Drinks
  • Protein Shakes
  • Smoothies
  • Sweetened Teas or Iced Teas
  • Juices

Once your fasting window ends, feel free to consume beverages of your choice that align with your nutritional goals or preferences.   

Can you drink water while fasting for a day?

However, water doesn't affect blood sugar or insulin levels. Therefore, you can safely drink it while intermittent fasting. In fact, it's recommended to drink water to help you stay hydrated during an intermittent fast.

What can I drink during fasting?

Technically speaking, eating or drinking any calories breaks a fast. That means it's generally considered OK to drink black, unsweetened coffee or tea, as well as water.

Do you break fast by drinking water?

Water is a calorie-free drink, so you can guzzle it all you want until you've quenched your thirst. But it is not the only drink that won't affect your fast.