Distinguish between borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder quizlet

The main difference between borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder is that

1. both exploit others but the person with borderline personality disorder does it due to disappointments and the person with antisocial personality disorder does it foe gain and without guilt

2. while both have impulsive sex, the person with borderline personality disorder uses others and the person with anti social personality disorder really cares about people

3. both avoid abandonment, the person with borderline personality disorder because they love others and the person with antisocial personality disorder because they need others to love them

4. both show suicidal behavior, the person with borderline personality disorder because he or she wants to die and the person with antisocial personality disorder because they want to retaliate for transgressions

Cluster A: odd or eccentric disorders
(Schizoid, Paranoid, Schizotypal)

Cluster B: dramatic, emotional, or erratic disorders (Antisocial psychopathy, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Borderline).

Cluster C: fearful disorders (avoidant, Dependent, obsessive-compulsive)
Strike 9-13% of the population
Similar prevalence in men and women except for antisocial personality disorder,which is more common in men

An important method of research in this area is to have individuals with borderline personality play computer games. One of these is the trust game. In this game, money is exchanged between an investor, who decides how much money to commit, and a trustee, who decides how much of the investment to repay the investor. During the game, the investment is tripled. If both cooperate, then both the investor and the trustee benefit. However, this involves a degree of trust between the two. This trust builds up from playing the game a number of times. Individuals with BPD do not trust the situation and invest less money than do non-BDP controls.
During the game, activity in the anterior insula is measured. This area is traditionally related to a sense of self and the physiological state of the body. It has also been shown to react to unfairness and the emotional states of others. With the healthy control, large activation of the anterior insula was related to the size of the investment. Small investments related to large activation and large investments corresponded to small activations. Thus, it is activated when the person does not cooperate. On the other hand, the insula of the person with BPD did not differentiate between the size of the offer. According to these researchers (King-Casas et al., 2008), those with BPD did not have the gut feeling that cooperation, and thus the relationship, was in jeopardy (see Figure 14.6).

one of the odd, eccentric personality disorders (Cluster A), characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others; the interpersonal style of these individuals is often quarrelsome, stubborn, and rigid in their own beliefs, which can create a self-fulfilling prophecy

often quarrelsome, stubborn, and rigid in their own beliefs, which can create a self-fulfilling prophecy.

To meet the diagnosis, this personality style should begin in early adulthood. At least four of the following specific characteristics should also be present: (1) believing that others are exploiting or deceiving the person, (2) having a preoccupation with unjustified doubts about the trustworthiness of a friend or colleague, (3) being reluctant to confide in others, (4) seeing simple statements as having hidden meanings, (5) bearing grudges, (6) seeing others as attacking the person's reputation, and (7) not trusting one's sexual partner as being faithful.

Histrionic Personality Disorder
Amy Porter is a 50-year-old divorced woman with two young children. She had been in treatment off and on over the past 20 years. She would typically enter treatment when distressed by difficult situations. She would end treatment when she began a new romantic relationship. At that point, she would feel excited about the person she was dating and would idealize the person and the future. Prior to her marriage, Ms. Porter would date one man after another. She was very attractive and dressed in a provocative manner. She even described herself as a "Barbie doll." She enjoyed all the men looking at her at a party. She had a romance novel view of relationships. Her idea was that she would meet someone and that they would live happily ever after in a big house. She was often surprised that the men she met only wanted a short-term relationship. This pattern had repeated itself a large number of times. As she became older, she wanted to have a child with someone but tended to be dissatisfied with relationships with men her own age. As she moved into her forties, she viewed men her age as inferior, referred to them in derogatory terms, and was intolerant of their physical imperfections. However, she did meet a man her age that she felt attracted to and quickly they married and had children. After that, he left her.
At some point, she found herself in the dating world again. Although she was still attractive as a 50-year-old, she was negative toward her appearance. She continued to be uninterested in men her age but felt desperate to find a suitable partner. In therapy, she wanted more from the therapist and showed a dependency. She had difficulty reflecting on her own internal experiences. She imagined the therapist to have a very different life than was the case and would become angry at what she imagined. After around 2 years of therapy, she was able to obtain a job more consistent with her education. She also was able to have a long-term relationship with a man her age.

Personality disorders are difficult to treat. This is in part related to the fact that one individual with a personality disorder may show different signs and symptoms from another. In addition, individuals with personality disorders find it difficult to maintain a close, intimate relationship with their therapist. Because of this, psychotherapy for personality disorders is more individually focused than that for other disorders. At this point, research studies have shown that treatments based on both cognitive behavioral and dynamic perspectives have been effective. Medications have not been used as a direct treatment, but only as an adjunct (Bateman, Gunderson, & Mulder, 2015).
Although psychosocial treatment approaches come from different traditions, the effective approaches show many common factors (Bateman et al., 2015). BPD has been the focus of the most empirical treatment studies. The common factors seen in the treatment of BPD are as follows:
A structured, manualized approach is used, which focuses on the commonly seen problems.
Clients are encouraged to assume control of themselves.
The therapist helps the client to understand the connections of his or her feelings to events and actions. The therapist helps the client to consider the situation rather than just experiencing anxiety.
Therapists are active, responsive, and validating.
Therapists are willing to discuss their own reactions in the therapy session. For example, the therapist might say, "I misunderstood."

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