Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a behavior disorder in which a child displays a pattern of an angry or cranky mood, defiant or combative behavior, and vindictiveness toward people in authority. The child's behavior often disrupts their daily
routine, including activities within the family and at school. It's not unusual for children -- especially those in their "terrible twos" and early teens -- to defy authority every now and then. They may express their defiance by arguing, disobeying, or talking back to their parents, teachers, or other adults. When this behavior lasts longer than 6 months and is more extreme than what’s usual for the child's age, it may mean the child has ODD. Estimates suggest that 2% to 16% of
children and teens have ODD. In younger children, ODD is more common in boys. In older children, it happens about equally in boys and in girls. It typically begins by age 8. Many children and teens with ODD also have other behavioral problems, like attention deficit disorder,
learning disabilities, mood disorders (such as depression), and anxiety disorders. Some children with ODD go on to have a more serious behavior disorder called
conduct disorder. Symptoms of ODD may include: In addition, many children with ODD are moody, easily frustrated, and have low self-esteem. They also sometimes may abuse
drugs and alcohol. The exact cause of ODD is not known, but a combination of biological, genetic, and environmental factors may contribute to the condition. As with adults, mental illnesses in children are diagnosed based on signs and symptoms that suggest a particular illness like ODD. If symptoms are present, the doctor will begin an evaluation by doing a complete medical history and physical exam. Although there are no lab tests to
specifically diagnose ODD, the doctor may sometimes use tests such as neuroimaging studies or blood tests if they suspect there may be a medical reason for the behavior problems that happen. The doctor also will look for signs of other conditions that often go along with ODD, such as ADHD and depression. If the doctor cannot find a physical cause for the symptoms, they will likely refer the child to a child and adolescent
psychiatrist or psychologist, mental health professionals who are specially trained to diagnose and treat mental illnesses in children and teens. Psychiatrists and psychologists use specially designed interview and assessment tools to evaluate a child for a
mental illness. The doctor bases their diagnosis on reports of the child's symptoms and observation of the child's attitude and behavior. The doctor often must rely on reports from the child's parents, teachers, and other adults because children often have trouble explaining their problems or understanding their symptoms. Treatment for ODD is based on many things, including the child's age, how severe symptoms are, and the child's ability to take part in and tolerate specific therapies. Treatment usually consists of a combination of the following: Strategies you can try at home if your child has ODD include: Children or teens with ODD often have trouble at home, at school, and in their personal lives. ODD may lead to: Children with ODD often have or develop other mental health conditions, including: When started early, treatment is usually effective. If your child is showing signs of ODD, it’s important that you seek care from a qualified mental health professional right away. Without treatment, children with ODD may face rejection by classmates and other peers because of their behavior problems and lack of social skills. A child with ODD also has a greater chance of
developing a more serious behavioral disorder called conduct disorder. ODD PreventionAlthough it may not be possible to prevent ODD, recognizing and acting on symptoms when they first appear can ease distress to the child and family, and prevent many of the problems linked to the illness. Family members also can learn steps to take if signs of a relapse (a return of symptoms) appear. Providing a nurturing, supportive, and consistent home environment with a balance of love and discipline may help with symptoms and prevent episodes of defiant behavior. What are 4 behaviors that are associated with ODD?What are the symptoms of ODD in a child?. Having frequent temper tantrums.. Arguing a lot with adults.. Refusing to do what an adult asks.. Always questioning rules and refusing to follow rules.. Doing things to annoy or upset others, including adults.. Blaming others for the child's own misbehaviors or mistakes.. What are the 3 symptom categories of oppositional defiant disorder?It's normal to exhibit oppositional behavior at certain stages of a child's development. Signs of ODD generally begin during preschool years.. Often and easily loses temper.. Is frequently touchy and easily annoyed by others.. Is often angry and resentful.. Does oppositional defiant disorder go away?Does Oppositional Defiant Disorder get better or go away over time? For many children, Oppositional Defiant Disorder does improve over time. Follow up studies have shown that the signs and symptoms of ODD resolve within 3 years in approximately 67% of children diagnosed with the disorder.
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