If you get unemployment can you file taxes

We know how difficult unemployment can be. Here’s what you need to know before filing your taxes this year.

Are you recently unemployed due to the coronavirus? 

The COVID-19 pandemic caused many businesses to shut down, leaving millions of taxpayers out of work. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES) was enacted to alleviate the economic fallout of COVID-19. If you applied for unemployment benefits, the CARES Act allows for 13 additional weeks of benefits until December 26, plus an extra $600 a week through July 31, along with the standard amount you will receive. In addition, many states have additional weekly unemployment funds available for qualified unemployed individuals.

How does unemployment affect my taxes?

Unemployment benefits are generally taxable. Most states do not withhold taxes from unemployment benefits voluntarily, but you can request they withhold taxes. If you are receiving unemployment benefits, check with your state about voluntary withholding to help cover your income taxes when you file your tax return. Make sure you include the full amount of benefits received, and any withholdings, on your tax return.

Other factors you’ll need to consider:  

I am collecting unemployment – will that impact my income tax?

  • Unemployment benefits are taxable.
  • Unemployment compensation is not considered “earned” income for the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), childcare credit, and the Additional Child Tax Credit calculations and can reduce the amount of credits you may have traditionally received.

Will I owe taxes because of my unemployment compensation?

  • Generally, states don’t withhold taxes on unemployment benefits unless asked.
  • However, if you qualify for EITC, or the child tax credits, your taxes could be covered.
  • You can do a year-end tax checkup to see if you have enough credits and withholding to cover your taxes. You may still have time to make adjustments to lower your shortfall.
  • If you are still unemployed come 2021 tax time, you can set up a payment plan with the IRS or work out other delayed payment options.
  • The IRS assesses penalties on the balance owed when you file and when you pay late they also compound interest on the full bill daily. The IRS has programs that may forgive your tax penalties. If you qualify, this will also help reduce your interest and lower your overall tax bill.
  • Make sure you file your tax return on-time, even if you can’t pay. In the short-term, the penalties for filing late are higher than the penalties for paying late.

How do I deduct my job-hunting expenses? 

  • Job-hunting expenses such as travel, cost of job placement companies, resume costs, etc. are no longer deductible.
  • Moving expenses are also no longer deductible unless you are active-duty military moving under military orders. 

Are government benefits taxable? 

  • Check with your local benefits offices; you may be eligible for state and federal benefits due to the change in your income. Benefits such as SNAP, housing subsidies, childcare subsidies, and many others are generally not taxable. Gifts from various organizations, such as local food pantries and utility and gas programs are usually tax-exempt. 

Do I have to claim my severance pay on my tax return if I already paid taxes?

  • Severance pay is a lump-sum payment received from a company when you are terminated due to job closings, company reductions, or even company closures.  These payments are typically based on time in service and/or job performance, and as such are taxable as wages.  This payment will have the usually Social Security, Medicare, federal and state taxes withheld, which will be reflected on your W-2. 

I lost my health insurance when I lost my job, do I have to pay a penalty?

  • The penalty for not having health insurance is $0 on the federal return for all taxpayers.
  • Certain states do penalize taxpayers who don’t have health insurance coverage and don’t meet an exemption.

Tax File Minute: Answers from a Tax Insider

Are unemployment benefits taxable?

Chief Tax Information Officer Mark Steber discusses what you need to know about unemployment benefits and taxes.

We have officially entered tax season. And, in this time of uncertainty, USA TODAY is working to find answers to your tax questions – anything from how your stimulus checks or unemployment benefits affect your 2020 plans. You can submit your questions here and read earlier answers below.

We will be updating the Q&A, so check back often. But, also look to these places:

  • For more money advice, sign up for our newsletter, The Daily Money. 
  • If you want to share your personal finance experience during the coronavirus crisis, you can email .
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If you get unemployment can you file taxes

I never got my second stimulus check, even though it says it was mail. Can I claim it on my taxes?

If you are eligible for a stimulus check and it was lost, stolen or destroyed, you should request a payment trace so the IRS can determine if your payment was cashed. (You can do that here.)

If a trace is initiated and the IRS determines that the check wasn't cashed, the IRS says it will credit your account for it but the IRS cannot reissue the payment. Instead, you will need to claim the Recovery Rebate Credit on your 2020 tax return if eligible.

"If you are filing your 2020 tax return before your trace is complete, do not include the payment amount on line 16 or 19 of the Recovery Rebate Credit Worksheet," the IRS says. "You may receive a notice saying your Recovery Rebate Credit was changed, but an adjustment will be made after the trace is complete.If you do not request a trace on your payment, you may receive an error when claiming the Recovery Rebate Credit on your 2020 tax return."

— Josh Rivera

Follow Josh on Twitter @Josh2Rivera

Will the IRS base the next stimulus package on our 2020 or 2019 taxes?

... My new husband and I filed "married filing joint" for the first time this year. We qualify for earned income credit and have child tax credits as well.

The first two rounds of Economic Impact Payments (stimulus checks) were structured as upfront payments of a tax credit for 2020. Those payments were determined by income on filers' 2018 or 2019 returns – depending on which ones were available at the time of issuing.

So if your situation changed over the year you maybe be able to claim full or additional payments based on their 2020 tax return – through the Recovery Rebate Credit, line 30 of the 1040 form.

The third round of stimulus payments will likely be based on either 2019 or 2020 tax returns – again, depending on which ones are available at the time of issuing. That could impact the timing of your filing if you want the 2020 to be the basis of what the decision is made.

— Josh Rivera

Follow Josh on Twitter @Josh2Rivera

How do I sign up for direct deposit for the stimulus payments if I don't have to file a tax return?

Unfortunately, the IRS's Non-Filers tool is no longer available. It might behoove you to still file your 2020 taxes so you can claim the stimulus on your 2020 tax return as the Recovery Rebate Credit.

— Josh Rivera

Follow Josh on Twitter @Josh2Rivera

Can the IRS take my stimulus money to offset previous year’s tax penalties?

The IRS says it will not garnish stimulus checks for back taxes.

— Josh Rivera

Follow Josh on Twitter @Josh2Rivera

How do I file taxes if I only received unemployment in 2020?

Unemployment benefits are taxable income. If you received unemployment benefits at any point you should have receive a Form 1099-G reporting the 2020 total to the IRS. If you didn't receive the form, most state unemployment sites will have the form available to download once you log in. If you had any taxes withheld from the benefits those should appear on the form.

— Josh Rivera

Follow Josh on Twitter @Josh2Rivera

When is the deadline for 2020 tax filing?

Don't count on a deadline extension just yet. The IRS said April 15 will be the deadline for filing 2020 tax returns, while October 15 will be the deadline to file for an extension.

Generally, tax refunds for electronically filed returns are issued within three weeks, while paper filing can take longe

— Josh Rivera

Follow Josh on Twitter @Josh2Rivera

Will I owe taxes on stimulus checks?

No, stimulus checks aren't considered income by the IRS. They are prepaid tax credits for your 2020 tax return, authorized by two relief bills passed last year that aimed at stabilizing the struggling U.S. economy in the wake of the pandemic. Because the stimulus payments aren’t considered income by the tax agency, it won’t impact your refund by increasing your adjusted gross income or putting you in a higher tax bracket, for instance.

When it comes to getting paperwork ready, you'll want to dig up the IRS Notice 1444 for the stimulus payment amount you were issued in 2020. And the second round of payments would be outlined in Notice 1444-B.  

— Jessica Menton and Aimee Picchi

Follow Jessica on Twitter @JessicaMenton and Aimee @aimeepicchi

What if I never received a stimulus payment?

“If you didn't receive the full payment you were entitled to, then it's possible that when you are filing your 2020 tax return you may end up getting more money,” says Eric Bronnenkant, head of tax at financial services firm Betterment.

“If your economic situation changed – let's say you qualified based on 2018 or 2019 income because it was lower, but your economic situation improved for 2020 – the IRS actually can't ask for any of that money back,” Bronnenkant adds. “Your situation can't get worse in that scenario.”

Taxpayers will need to file a 2020 federal income tax return to claim the Recovery Rebate Credit if they didn't get their Economic Impact Payments or they received less money than they're eligible to get, such as if a child's credit wasn't included in the payout. 

The Recovery Rebate Credit is listed on Line 30 of the 1040 Form for the 2020 tax year. 

— Aimee Picchi and Susan Tompor

Follow Aimee on Twitter @aimeepicchi and Susan @tompor.

What if I collected unemployment compensation in 2020? 

The tax season shocker for many jobless people will be that their tax refund could be far smaller than expected, or they might even owe taxes. 

Taxes aren't withheld automatically from unemployment benefits. If you are unemployed in 2021, and receiving unemployment compensation, you may want to take action to have federal taxes withheld in the future.

Look out for Form 1099-G, Certain Government Payments, to show how much unemployment compensation was paid to you in 2020. See Box 1 for the taxable income you must report on Line 7 on Schedule 1 of the 1040.

See Box 4 for any taxes that you might have withheld from your unemployment benefits during the year. You'd report those withholdings on Line 25b of the 1040.

— Jessica Menton and Susan Tompor

Follow Jessica on Twitter @JessicaMenton and Susan @tompor.

What if I lost my job during the pandemic?

Tax filers will be able to choose whether they want to use either their 2019 or 2020 earned income to calculate the Earned Income Tax Credit on their 2020 income tax returns, thanks to a one-time lookback provision. The lookback will help financially challenged people qualify for the refundable portion of the Child Tax Credit, which is allowed even if you do not owe any tax. 

Unemployment compensation is taxable income. Since many did not have taxes withheld, they could face a tax bill. A generous payout for the earned income credit could offset some taxes that will be owed and even contribute to a tax refund.

The earned income credit will vary. The maximum credit is $6,660 for those filing a 2020 tax return but applies only to tax filers who have three or more qualifying children. By contrast, the maximum credit is $538 for someone who has a limited earned income but no children.

The maximum adjusted gross income allowed to obtain the earned income credit is up to $15,820 for those who are single with no children.

The highest cutoff is $56,844 for married couples filing a joint return with three or more qualifying children. The cutoff is an adjusted gross income of $41,756 for those who are single, widowed or head of household with one child.

— Susan Tompor

Follow Susan on Twitter @tompor.

My income changed since I last filed my taxes. What should I do?

In that case, you should use the recovery rebate worksheet to calculate how much you are owed and claim that amount on Line 30 on their 2020 tax return. You'll receive the stimulus payments in your refund check.

— Aimee Picchi

Follow Aimee on Twitter @aimeepicchi.

What if I donated to a food bank or another charity during the pandemic?

Food banks and others found themselves in need of contributions as the country dealt with skyrocketing unemployment. Many of us heard the call and wrote out checks that can now be used as a tax deduction. 

See Line 10-b on the 1040 return for 2020 to take an above-the-line deduction for charitable contributions. Cash donations of up to $300 made to qualifying organizations before Dec. 31, 2020, are now deductible when you file your tax return, thanks to a special provision enacted earlier last year. 

— Susan Tompor

Follow Susan on Twitter @tompor.

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